Paralelismo, convergencia y homología profunda en la biología: una propuesta conceptual
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48160/18532330me8.162Palavras-chave:
desarrollo y filogenia, tendencias macroevolutivas, el modelo del embudo, el modelo del reloj de arena, homoplasiaResumo
En este trabajo analizo las siguientes nociones de homoplasia: paralelismo y convergencia, y realizo al mismo tiempo un examen ceñido de la noción de homología profunda, tal y como se usan en la morfología comparada, ya que existen muchas controversias respecto a cómo caracterizarlas e, incluso, si es necesario retenerlas en el bagaje teórico de la biología evolutiva del desarrollo contemporánea. También muestro que existen ciertas maneras interesantes y empíricamente asequibles de caracterizar cada una de estas nociones que, además, muestran la relación que existe entre estas nociones y ciertas teorías generales acerca de las conexiones que presuntamente existen entre los factores que constriñen los cambios ontogenéticos y ciertas tendencias macroevolutivas que parcialmente determinan las rutas que toma la filogenia; en particular, me referiré a: (1) la idea de que el desarrollo es “como un embudo” (the funnel model); y (2) al modelo del desarrollo conocido como “el reloj de arena” (the hourglass model).
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