Metáforas organicistas y mecanicistas en los comienzos de la Neurociencia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48160/18532330me14.354Palabras clave:
metáfora, organicismo, mecanismo, doctrina de la neurona, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, evoluciónResumen
En sus investigaciones, Michael Ruse destaca la relevancia de las metáforas en la ciencia, centrándose en el “abismo” entre las metáforas mecanicistas y organicistas en la historia y práctica de la biología. Ruse argumenta que la revolución darwiniana representó un cambio radical de metáfora en biología, pasando del organicismo al mecanicismo. En este artículo me propongo: (i) evaluar si la revolución neuronista, crucial en el surgimiento de la neurociencia moderna, implicó un cambio de una metáfora organicista a una metáfora mecanicista; (ii) destacar las influencias esenciales de las metáforas organicistas en la doctrina de la neurona de Cajal; y, en consecuencia, (iii) cuestionar la noción de un abismo entre metáforas mecanicistas y organicistas, al menos en el ámbito de la neurociencia.
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